Question 1

Figure 25.1
Using Figure 25.1, match the following:
-Nephron loop.

Accepted Answer

A)  B
B)  C
C)  A
D)  D
E)  EF) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 2

The mechanism that establishes the medullary osmotic gradient depends most on the permeability properties of the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   collecting duct
B)   glomerular filtration membrane
C)   nephron loop
D)   distal convoluted tubuleE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 3

Figure 25.1
Using Figure 25.1, match the following:
-Afferent arteriole.

Accepted Answer

A)  B
B)  C
C)  A
D)  D
E)  EF) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 4

The thin segment of the nephron loop's descending limb ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   helps to pack a greater number of nephron loops into a smaller space
B)   aids in the passive excretion of nitrogenous waste
C)   is easily broken and replaced often
D)   aids in the passive movement of water out of the tubuleE) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 5

The relatively long half-life of lipid soluble hormones (steroid hormones) compared to water soluble hormones is due in part to the way that these hormones are passed into the filtrate from the glomerular capillaries.From the list below select the best explanation for why lipid soluble (steroid) hormones have a relatively long half-life.

Accepted Answer

A)   The large size of the steroid hormones prevents them from passing through the filtration membrane.
B)   Steroid hormones are absorbed by target cells before they can reach the kidneys.
C)   The relatively small size of steroid hormones allows them to easily pass back into the peritubular capillaries if released into the filtrate.
D)   Steroid hormones travel in the plasma on large transport proteins that cannon pass through the filtration membrane.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 6

The fluid in glomerular capsule is similar to plasma except that it does not contain a significant amount of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   electrolytes
B)   hormones
C)   glucose
D)   plasma proteinE) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 7

Select the correct statement about the ureters.

Accepted Answer

A)   The ureters are capable of peristalsis like that of the gastrointestinal tract.
B)   Ureters contain sphincters at the entrance to the bladder to prevent the backflow of urine.
C)   The ureter is innervated by parasympathetic nerve endings only.
D)   The epithelium is stratified squamous like the skin, which allows a great deal of stretch.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 8

Explain how an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE inhibitor)such as captopril would be effective as an antihypertensive.

Accepted Answer

Angiotensin II is a potent vasoconstrict...

Question 9

An important characteristic of urine is its specific gravity or density,which is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   less than water
B)   much higher than water
C)   the same as water
D)   slightly higher than waterE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 10

The position of the kidneys behind the peritoneal lining of the abdominal cavity is described by the term retroperitoneal.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Which of the choices below is not a method by which the cells of the renal tubules can raise blood pH?

Accepted Answer

A)   by producing new bicarbonate ions
B)   by reabsorbing filtered bicarbonate ions
C)   by secreting hydrogen ions into the filtrate
D)   by secreting sodium ionsE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 12

Excretion of dilute urine requires ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   impermeability of the collecting tubule to water
B)   the presence of ADH
C)   relative permeability of the distal tubule to water
D)   transport of sodium and chloride ions out of the descending nephron loopE) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 13

Which of the following best describes kidney function in older adults (70 years or older) ?

Accepted Answer

A)   Kidney function decreases due to kidney atrophy.
B)   Only about 3% of older adults have any loss of kidney function.
C)   Only obese and diabetic older adults have any kidney dysfunction.
D)   Kidney function remains the same throughout life, regardless of age.E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 14

Figure 25.1
Using Figure 25.1, match the following:
-Structure most closely associated with granular cells.

Accepted Answer

A)  B
B)  C
C)  A
D)  D
E)  EF) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

Question 15

Match the following:
-Proximal convoluted tubule.

Accepted Answer

A)  Blood supply that directly receives substances from the tubular cells.
B)  Site of filtrate formation.
C)  Site that drains the distal convoluted tubule.
D)  Site at which most of the tubular reabsorption occursE) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 16

An older man sees his doctor for severe pain in his lower abdominal or flank area,elevated temperature,and nausea.Exhaustive tests rule out abdominal obstructions and infections.Plain X-rays indicate a radiopaque (whitish)spot in the area of his right ureter.Diagnose his problem.Give suggested treatment and prognosis.

Accepted Answer

The symptoms indicate a kidney stone tha...

Question 17

In the absence of hormones,the distal tubule and collecting ducts are relatively impermeable to water.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

List three substances that are abnormal urinary constituents and provide the proper clinical term for such abnormalities.

Accepted Answer

Abnormal urinary constituents include th...

Question 19

If blood pressure drops very low (MAP is below 80mmHg) renin enzyme will be secreted by granular cells.Which of the following is not likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

A)   Blood plasma and extracellular fluids volume will increase
B)   Glomerular filtration rate (GFR)  will decrease
C)   Net filtration pressure (NFP)  will decrease
D)   Kidney perfusion will increaseE) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 20

Urea is reabsorbed in the nephron loop.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 25: The Urinary System

Figure 25.1 Using Figure 25.1, match the following: -Afferent arteriole.

Correct Answer
verified

The fluid in glomerular capsule is similar to plasma except that it does not contain a significant amount of ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the choices below is not a method by which the cells of the renal tubules can raise blood pH?

Correct Answer
verified

Figure 25.1 Using Figure 25.1, match the following: -Structure most closely associated with granular cells.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
The symptoms indicate a kidney stone tha...
View Answer

Urea is reabsorbed in the nephron loop.

Correct Answer
verified

The thin segment of the nephron loop's descending limb ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Select the correct statement about the ureters.

Correct Answer
verified

List three substances that are abnormal urinary constituents and provide the proper clinical term for such abnormalities.

Correct Answer
verified
Abnormal urinary constituents include th...
View Answer

Match the following: -Proximal convoluted tubule.

Correct Answer
verified

An important characteristic of urine is its specific gravity or density,which is ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Explain how an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE inhibitor)such as captopril would be effective as an antihypertensive.

Correct Answer
verified
Angiotensin II is a potent vasoconstrict...
View Answer

Excretion of dilute urine requires ________.

Correct Answer
verified

The mechanism that establishes the medullary osmotic gradient depends most on the permeability properties of the ________.

Correct Answer
verified

In the absence of hormones,the distal tubule and collecting ducts are relatively impermeable to water.

Correct Answer
verified

Figure 25.1 Using Figure 25.1, match the following: -Nephron loop.

Correct Answer
verified

The position of the kidneys behind the peritoneal lining of the abdominal cavity is described by the term retroperitoneal.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following best describes kidney function in older adults (70 years or older) ?

Correct Answer
verified

If blood pressure drops very low (MAP is below 80mmHg) renin enzyme will be secreted by granular cells.Which of the following is not likely to occur?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 25: The Urinary System

Figure 25.1 Using Figure 25.1, match the following: -Afferent arteriole.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The fluid in glomerular capsule is similar to plasma except that it does not contain a significant amount of ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the choices below is not a method by which the cells of the renal tubules can raise blood pH?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Figure 25.1 Using Figure 25.1, match the following: -Structure most closely associated with granular cells.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedThe symptoms indicate a kidney stone tha...View AnswerShow Answer

Urea is reabsorbed in the nephron loop.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The thin segment of the nephron loop's descending limb ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Select the correct statement about the ureters.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

List three substances that are abnormal urinary constituents and provide the proper clinical term for such abnormalities.

Correct AnswerverifiedAbnormal urinary constituents include th...View AnswerShow Answer

Match the following: -Proximal convoluted tubule.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An important characteristic of urine is its specific gravity or density,which is ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Explain how an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE inhibitor)such as captopril would be effective as an antihypertensive.

Correct AnswerverifiedAngiotensin II is a potent vasoconstrict...View AnswerShow Answer

Excretion of dilute urine requires ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The mechanism that establishes the medullary osmotic gradient depends most on the permeability properties of the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the absence of hormones,the distal tubule and collecting ducts are relatively impermeable to water.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Figure 25.1 Using Figure 25.1, match the following: -Nephron loop.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The position of the kidneys behind the peritoneal lining of the abdominal cavity is described by the term retroperitoneal.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following best describes kidney function in older adults (70 years or older) ?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If blood pressure drops very low (MAP is below 80mmHg) renin enzyme will be secreted by granular cells.Which of the following is not likely to occur?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
The symptoms indicate a kidney stone tha...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Abnormal urinary constituents include th...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Angiotensin II is a potent vasoconstrict...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified