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Mary had an accidental needlestick one night during her shift as an emergency medical technician.Initially, she tested positive for HIV by the ELISA test.Which test would be done next to confirm an HIV infection?


A) immunoelectrophoresis
B) Ouchterlony
C) complement fixation
D) Western blot
E) radioimmunoassay

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Correct Answer

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The property of a test to detect even small amounts of antibodies or antigens that are test targets is:


A) cross-reactions.
B) agglutination.
C) precipitation.
D) specificity.
E) sensitivity.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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The Widal test is used for diagnosing salmonellosis.

A) True
B) False

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In direct antigen testing, the reaction is generally seen with the:


A) electron microscope.
B) naked eye.
C) light microscope.
D) API 20E miniature identification system.
E) PCR reaction.

F) D) and E)
G) None of the above

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Broad general characteristics on flowcharts can be misleading.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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Whole antigens are detected in which type of test?


A) cross-reactions
B) agglutination
C) precipitation
D) specificity
E) sensitivity

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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In indirect fluorescent testing, fluorescent _____ are used to react with the Fc region of another, specific, serum antibody.

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The property of a test to detect only a certain antibody or antigen, and not to react with any others, is:


A) cross-reactions.
B) agglutination.
C) precipitation.
D) specificity.
E) sensitivity.

F) B) and D)
G) A) and E)

Correct Answer

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Which of the following choices are true about the dyes fluorescein and rhodamine?


A) They can be used to label antibodies in immunofluorescence tests.
B) They emit visible light in response to ultraviolet radiation.
C) They are observed in the fluorescent microscope.
D) They re used to identify pathogens of chlamydiosis, Legionnaires' disease, and others.
E) All of the choices are ture.

F) B) and D)
G) All of the above

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E

Test systems involving which of the following has greatly improved the specificity of immunological tests?


A) monoclonal antibodies
B) electronics
C) enzymes
D) radioactivity
E) All of the choices are correct.

F) C) and D)
G) All of the above

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Flowcharts that offer two choices at each identifying level are called ___ keys.

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Flowcharts that offer two choices at eac...

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Describe the indirect ELISA test that is used as a screening test for HIV (AIDS) and include the following: a) sequence of procedures, b) reagents used, and c) detection and interpretation of a positive test.

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The indirect ELISA test for HIV (AIDS) i...

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Which of the following methods is categorized as a direct test in order to analyze a specimen?


A) Catalase test
B) Gram stain
C) Phage typing
D) Antimicrobic sensitivity
E) Production of gas

F) B) and D)
G) None of the above

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Describe three possible sampling sites and methods of collection for clinical laboratories.

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1. Blood Collection from a Vein: One com...

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Which technique used to diagnose a disease is also called the double diffusion method?


A) Ouchterlony
B) VDRL test
C) immunoelectrophoresis
D) Western blot
E) ELISA

F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

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Identify, describe, and discuss the objectives of the three main categories of identifying infectious agents using specific examples.

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The three main categories of identifying...

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The indirect ELISA test detects ______ in a patient's blood.


A) antigen
B) antibody
C) microorganisms
D) IgE only
E) complement

F) A) and E)
G) All of the above

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Which test uses radioactive isotopes to label antibodies or antigens in order to detect minute amounts of corresponding antigen or antibody?


A) Ouchterlony double diffusion
B) Western blot
C) immunelectrophoresis
D) radioimmunoassay (RIA)
E) the Quellung test

F) None of the above
G) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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D

Serological tests should have low sensitivity and specificity.

A) True
B) False

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Serological testing always involves reactions between specific antibody and antigen.

A) True
B) False

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True

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