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The goal of consumer promotion is to stimulate immediate sales.

A) True
B) False

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True

In the introduction stage of the product life cycle, what are marketing efforts focused on?


A) building customer awareness of the product
B) reinforcing brand positioning
C) dynamic innovation
D) protecting market share from competitors

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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What is the last stage in the selling process?


A) transferring ownership
B) qualifying
C) closing
D) following up

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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A major objective of public relations is to generate favourable publicity for an organization.

A) True
B) False

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If sales of a once rapidly selling product turn sluggish over time, marketers may be able to extend its life cycle by changing the marketing mix or making changes to the product itself.

A) True
B) False

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A product is usually experiencing low sales and nonexistent profits and marketers are increasing promotion to raise awareness at which stage in the product life cycle?


A) growth
B) decline
C) introduction
D) maturity

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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What do we call a brief statement articulating how the marketer wants the target market to envision a product relative to the competition?


A) consumer vision statement
B) brand statement
C) positioning statement
D) promotional prospectus

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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C

Publicity is controlled by marketers working to remind, inform, and persuade consumers.

A) True
B) False

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A consumer can purchase a soft drink from a vending machine, from a grocery store, or from a variety of other vendors. What does this example suggest that soft drinks are?


A) accessory goods
B) shopping goods
C) specialty goods
D) convenience goods

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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List and describe the four main characteristics or qualities of a service. Give an example for each quality.

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Intangibility. Services typically can't ...

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Which of the following statements describes the ease at which big ideas translate across cultures?


A) Each country is so unique that a successful big idea in one country is almost always a failure in other countries.
B) Big ideas are so basic and meaningful that they almost always can be used in a variety of cultures without significant changes.
C) Big ideas are a meaningful promotional concept only in Western nations, but within those nations they tend to translate very easily.
D) While some big ideas are easy to translate into another culture, others require significant retooling to be effective.

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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When it comes to the promotional messages they receive about a product, what do consumers tend to do?


A) They tend to forget one message as soon as another message is presented.
B) They tend to respond mostly to messages that appeal to their sense of humour.
C) They tend to combine information from the various sources to create a unified impression of the product.
D) They tend to filter the messages and ignore any that aren't consistent with their previously held opinions.

E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

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In which phase of the product development process are ideas eliminated that do not meet the company's mission or that are too expensive to develop?


A) idea generation
B) idea screening
C) analysis
D) development

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Missionary selling refers to personal selling that involves taking a firm's products to foreign countries for the first time.

A) True
B) False

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Maintenance, repair, and operating products (MRO) are small-ticket items that businesses consume on an ongoing basis but are not incorporated into the final product.

A) True
B) False

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In terms of total expenditures, direct mail is the number one advertising media used by companies to promote products.

A) True
B) False

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Technological changes often explain why a product enters the decline stage of the product life cycle.

A) True
B) False

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What is public relations, and how does it differ from publicity?

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Public relations. In the broadest sense,...

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What are the four stages of the product life cycle? How do marketers change their strategy as the product moves from one stage to the next?

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The four basic stages of the product life cycle are:Introduction. This is a time of low sales and nonexistent profits as companies invest in raising awareness about the product and the product category. Some categories, such as the microwave, languish in this phase for years, while other categories, such as computer memory sticks, zoom through this phase. And some categories, of course, never get beyond introduction (think clear beers).Growth. Growth is a period of rising sales and profits. Typically, competitors begin to notice categories in the growth phase. They enter the market-often with new variations of existing products-which further fuels the growth. Portable MP3 players, for example, are currently in the growth phase, and a number of competitors are challenging Apple's hold on the market. Marketers focus on reinforcing brand positioning, often through extensive use of advertising.Maturity. During maturity, sales and profits usually peak. Interestingly, profits tend to peak before sales, as competition intensifies. Once a market is mature, the only way to gain more users is to steal them from competitors, rather than bringing new users into the category. Weaker players begin to drop out of the category. Gasoline-powered cars and network TV are in maturity in Canada. Marketers may use competitive advertising, promotion, price cuts, and improvement in product features to protect their brands and attract business from competitors.Decline. During this period, sales and profits begin to decline, sometimes quite rapidly. The reasons usually relate to either technological change or change in consumer needs. For instance, the introduction of word processing pushed typewriters into decline, and a change in consumer taste and habits pushed hot cereal into decline. Competitors continue to drop out of the category. Marketers are likely to put less emphasis on the product, perhaps even phasing it out.

What is one of the major advantages of publicity?


A) It targets the intended audience more accurately than other promotional tools.
B) It has the power to stimulate an immediate desire to buy the product.
C) It gives marketers the maximum possible control over the message.
D) It is often viewed by consumers as more credible than advertising.

E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

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