Question 1

What is the sequence of the codon that the transfer RNA shown in the following figure would bind to during translation?

Accepted Answer

A)  AGG
B)  UCC
C)  TCC
D)  SerineE) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 2

During translation,

Accepted Answer

A)  many mRNA molecules work with one tRNA molecule and one rRNA molecule to produce a protein.
B)  one tRNA molecule works with paired mRNA molecules and many rRNA molecules to produce a protein.
C)  strings of bonded tRNA molecules work with one mRNA molecule and one rRNA molecule to produce a protein.
D)  one mRNA molecule works with several rRNA molecules and many tRNA molecules to produce a protein.E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 3

The codon GAU codes for which amino acid?

Accepted Answer

A)  CUA
B)  CTA
C)  aspartate
D)  leucineE) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 4

In bacteria, the antibiotic chloramphenicol prevents amino acids from bonding together. The most likely reason that bacteria die from treatment with chloramphenicol is because the antibiotic

Accepted Answer

A)  inhibits transcription.
B)  inhibits translation.
C)  causes the wrong bases to be added to the growing mRNA strand.
D)  causes the wrong amino acids to be bound to the tRNA strands.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 5

Identify if the following increase or decrease transcription or translation.
-More ribosomes are produced.

Accepted Answer

A)  Transcription is up-regulated
B)  Transcription is down-regulated
C)  Translation is up-regulated
D)  Translation is down-regulatedE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 6

Which of the following codons codes for Proline?

Accepted Answer

A)  UCC
B)  CCU
C)  UUU
D)  CUUE) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 7

Protein coding genes specify the production of ________ as their immediate product.

Accepted Answer

A)  rRNA
B)  tRNA
C)  DNA
D)  mRNAE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 8

Which of the lettered arrows in the following diagram of translation indicates a codon?

Accepted Answer

A)  A
B)  B
C)  C
D)  DE) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 9

In bacteria, the antibiotic erythromycin prevents ribosomes from functioning. The most likely reason that bacteria die from treatment with erythromycin is because the antibiotic

Accepted Answer

A)  inhibits transcription.
B)  inhibits translation.
C)  causes the wrong bases to be added to the growing mRNA strand.
D)  causes the wrong amino acids to be bound to the tRNA strands.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C) B

Question 10

In bacteria, the antibiotic tetracycline blocks the site where tRNA molecules enter the ribosome. The most likely reason that bacteria die from treatment with tetracycline is because the antibiotic

Accepted Answer

A)  inhibits the cell from producing the mRNA.
B)  causes the tRNA molecules to randomly arrange into proteins that do not function.
C)  causes tRNA rather than mRNA to be made into proteins.
D)  prevents the bacteria from assembling essential proteins.E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the function of genes?

Accepted Answer

A)  They control the production of enzymes.
B)  They control the production of structural proteins.
C)  They control the production of all proteins.
D)  They control the production of amino acids.E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 12

Identify if the following increase or decrease transcription or translation.
-The mRNA molecules are broken down quickly.

Accepted Answer

A)  Transcription is up-regulated
B)  Transcription is down-regulated
C)  Translation is up-regulated
D)  Translation is down-regulatedE) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 13

DNA technology can be used with all organisms because they all

Accepted Answer

A)  contain antibodies.
B)  can contract the same diseases.
C)  share the same chemical DNA structure.
D)  contain the same genes.E) None of the above
F) A) and B) C

Question 14

The expression of most genes is regulated by

Accepted Answer

A)  internal signals only.
B)  external signals only.
C)  both internal and external signals.
D)  neither internal nor external signals.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 15

A mutation occurs in the promoter of a protein-encoding gene. How might this mutation affect the production of the protein encoded by the gene?

Accepted Answer

A)  The mRNA made from this gene would exhibit the same mutation and, therefore, would not fold or function properly.
B)  The protein made from the promoter would have a different amino acid sequence and, therefore, would not function properly.
C)  The promoter might not be recognized by RNA polymerase, so the enzyme would be unable to attach to the promoter and start transcription.
D)  The start codon would be missing from the mRNA made from this gene, so the mRNA could not be translated.E) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 16

Transforming plants with a human gene produces a protein that is identical to the original human protein. Explain how this evidence demonstrates that the genetic code is universal, and list another experiment that could be used to further support this theory.

Accepted Answer

If the genetic code was not universal, t...

Question 17

The bases present in an RNA molecule are

Accepted Answer

A)  C, T, A, and G.
B)  U, A, C, and G.
C)  G, C ,U, and T.
D)  U, C, T, and A.E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 18

If a molecule of mRNA is a sentence, its bases are the letters and the codons are the ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of If a molecule of mRNA is a...

Question 19

Use the following chart to determine the chain of amino acids that would be produced by the sequence of this very short, complete gene: UAUUAUGCCUGAGUGAAUUGCUA.

Accepted Answer

A)  tyrosine-tyrosine-alanine
B)  tyrosine-tyrosine-alanine-stop-valine-asparagine-cysteine
C)  methionine-proline-glutamate
D)  methionine-proline-glutamate-isoleucine-alanineE) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 20

Which of the following is true of transcription?

Accepted Answer

A)  It destroys the DNA template.
B)  The DNA molecule must unwind.
C)  Base pairing is unimportant.
D)  The end result is a protein.E) A) and C)
F) C) and D) B

Exam 9: How Genes Work

What is the sequence of the codon that the transfer RNA shown in the following figure would bind to during translation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During translation,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The codon GAU codes for which amino acid?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In bacteria, the antibiotic chloramphenicol prevents amino acids from bonding together. The most likely reason that bacteria die from treatment with chloramphenicol is because the antibiotic

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Identify if the following increase or decrease transcription or translation. -More ribosomes are produced.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following codons codes for Proline?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Protein coding genes specify the production of ________ as their immediate product.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the lettered arrows in the following diagram of translation indicates a codon?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In bacteria, the antibiotic erythromycin prevents ribosomes from functioning. The most likely reason that bacteria die from treatment with erythromycin is because the antibiotic

Correct AnswerverifiedB

In bacteria, the antibiotic tetracycline blocks the site where tRNA molecules enter the ribosome. The most likely reason that bacteria die from treatment with tetracycline is because the antibiotic

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following best describes the function of genes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Identify if the following increase or decrease transcription or translation. -The mRNA molecules are broken down quickly.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

DNA technology can be used with all organisms because they all

Correct AnswerverifiedC

The expression of most genes is regulated by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A mutation occurs in the promoter of a protein-encoding gene. How might this mutation affect the production of the protein encoded by the gene?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Transforming plants with a human gene produces a protein that is identical to the original human protein. Explain how this evidence demonstrates that the genetic code is universal, and list another experiment that could be used to further support this theory.

Correct AnswerverifiedIf the genetic code was not universal, t...View AnswerShow Answer

The bases present in an RNA molecule are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If a molecule of mRNA is a sentence, its bases are the letters and the codons are the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Use the following chart to determine the chain of amino acids that would be produced by the sequence of this very short, complete gene: UAUUAUGCCUGAGUGAAUUGCUA.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true of transcription?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

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B

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C

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If the genetic code was not universal, t...
View Answer

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B