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Which crop employed the largest number of slaves on a single plantation?


A) cotton
B) rice
C) indigo
D) silk

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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B

Most victims of the slave trade moved by foot, usually chained or roped together, in groups called _______________.

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Why did slaves prefer even dirty, menial industrial labor to plantation work?


A) They were paid steady, high wages.
B) There was less freedom in industrial work, but they could socialize more with friends.
C) Generally, they had more autonomy on the job.
D) They could enjoy the repetition of the work, and not worry about advancement.

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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Which of the following is not true about slave marriages?


A) Women and men were more equal as husband and wife than white couples.
B) Many masters allowed slaves to have legal, formal wedding ceremonies.
C) Couples sometimes did not live on the same plantation, and could only visit each other when the master allowed it.
D) Slaves tended not to take marriage very seriously, since they could be broken up at any time.

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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B

As cotton expanded as a cash crop, the slave trade


A) became more humane, as owners wanted to keep slaves alive for work.
B) brought in more slaves from Africa to help meet the increased demand.
C) grew tremendously within the United States, with owners selling slaves to the newly opened up cotton areas.
D) Slavery was reintroduced in the North to perform labor in the textile factories.

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

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Which state experienced the highest growth rate in slaves between 1820 and 1860?


A) Alabama
B) Mississippi
C) Louisiana
D) Virginia

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Where was tobacco cultivation important?


A) Virginia, Maryland, and North Carolina
B) Virginia and small areas of Pennsylvania
C) Kentucky and Alabama
D) New York and New Jersey.

E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

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Which new states led the production of cotton, in what was called the "Black Belt"?


A) Virginia and North Carolina
B) Georgia and Tennessee
C) Tennessee and Kentucky
D) Alabama and Mississippi

E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

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What is true about women's labor in agricultural work in the South?


A) They were not allowed to work outside the house, although their labor was very difficult.
B) They often did the same, physically demanding, backbreaking work as the men.
C) Black women were actually valued far more than men for their work.
D) Black women were sometimes allowed to learn to read and write, so they could teach the white children.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

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Why was it difficult to use advanced technology on cotton crops?


A) Masters in the south could not afford it.
B) Cotton ripened at different times, and machines couldn't tell if it was ready or not.
C) Masters wanted to keep their slaves busy, so they wouldn't rebel, so they deliberately avoided any time-saving equipment.
D) Only the North made technological advances, and since the North didn't raise cotton, they lacked an incentive to develop the technology.

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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How did slaves' general health compare with the slave populations in the rest of the New World?


A) American slaves' health was much worse, since masters gave them inadequate diet, and medical knowledge was so poor.
B) American slaves' death rates were generally much worse than both white southerners' and other slaves' death rates.
C) American slaves' health was generally better - they were the only slave group to grow through natural reproduction.
D) Generally about the same as other slave groups, since they all practiced the same folk remedies for illness.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Which of the following is true about slave ownership in the Old South?


A) About half of the white population in the South owned slaves.
B) Most slaveholders owned more than twenty slaves.
C) Slave holding was practiced by more people in 1860 than in 1830.
D) A small percentage of African Americans owned slaves.

E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

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What crop did most agricultural slaves tend?


A) cotton
B) potatoes
C) hemp
D) rice

E) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

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Which very profitable crop pushed owners to work their slaves very hard, under very difficult time and weather conditions?


A) sugarcane
B) cotton
C) rice
D) silk

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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Which of the following statements is true about punishment for slaves?


A) Punishment was really overstated - most slaves were never physically punished in any way.
B) Southern whites thought that blacks would not work unless they had the threat of physical punishment.
C) Generally, women and children were exempt from the more vicious forms of physical punishment.
D) All of these statements are true.

E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

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B

Kentucky raised a significant quantity of hemp, a plant related to marijuana. What was hemp used for?


A) medicine and painkillers
B) helping to start fires for iron production
C) feeding cows
D) rope and bagging for cotton bales

E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

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What percentage of slaves from the upper South moved into the Southwest as the cotton trade opened up?


A) Very few. Since slaves generally reproduced well in the Southwest, few imports were needed.
B) Almost all of them, as slavery began to die in the upper South.
C) People kept no statistics on the movements of slaves at this time.
D) Fifty percent between 1820 and 1860.

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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"Jumping the broom" was


A) a European wedding custom, practiced by slaves at times.
B) an ancient African custom which informally joined a couple.
C) a method of punishing slaves.
D) a method of determining who one's mate would be.

E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

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Slave clothing was generally


A) Very beautiful, as the slave women wove their own cloth for their families and made all of their own clothes.
B) Plentiful, but often not very warm in colder regions of the South.
C) Pretty sparse, as they generally only got clothing from the master twice a year.
D) The same for all ages and genders of slaves.

E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

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What elements did slaves not incorporate into their Christian religious practices?


A) indigenous African traditions
B) self-called, often illiterate preachers
C) an emphasis on Moses and the lesson of deliverance from bondage
D) an emphasis on obedience

E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

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