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Climate change ""skeptics"" or ""deniers"" believe


A) climate change is not happening.
B) climate change is happening but it is not caused by humans.
C) climate change is happening and is caused by humans, but really isn't worth worrying about.
D) All of these describe beliefs held by some climate change skeptics or deniers.

E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

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Theory on environmental education suggests that the best type of program for early adolescents (age 12-15) is one that encourages them to ___________.


A) explore their environment
B) empathize with other living creatures
C) engage in social action
D) learn about the biology of plants and nonhuman animals.

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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A review of 15 surveys of environmental knowledge among U.S. citizens found that the majority of people knew something about


A) household hazardous waste.
B) species extinction.
C) both A and B
D) neither A nor B

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

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C

Many adults are likely not being exposed to accurate information about environmental issues.

A) True
B) False

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A review of 15 surveys of environmental knowledge among U.S. citizens found that public knowledge was generally lacking when it came to the topic of


A) climate change.
B) energy production.
C) both A and B
D) neither A nor B

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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If Tess feels guilty because, like all of her friends, she threw her compostable scraps in a trash bin, she is experiencing the consequences of


A) violating a personal norm.
B) violating an implicit attitude.
C) violating a social norm.
D) violating egoistic values.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

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Which of the following is not true about individuals with more materialistic values?


A) They have larger ecological footprints than people with less materialistic values.
B) They prize and prioritize monetary wealth and material possessions more than people with less materialistic values.
C) They likely developed these values because of unmet emotional needs and materialistic role models.
D) They likely have a genetic predisposition to become more materialistic than other individuals.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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A cross-cultural study of participants in 27 countries found that the social dominance orientation is ________ with environmental concern.


A) negatively correlated
B) positively correlated
C) not correlated
D) both positively and negatively correlated.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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Environmental concern focused on impacts to other people, such as how climate change will threaten people in other parts of the world, stems from __________ values.


A) egoistic
B) biospheric
C) ecologistic
D) altruistic

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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D

Which of the following is not one of the three types of values identified as pertinent to proenvironmental beliefs, intentions, and actions?


A) egoistic
B) biospheric
C) ecologistic
D) altruistic

E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

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How is knowledge about environmental issues related to environmental concern and behavior? How do beliefs interact with knowledge to affect concern and behavior?

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Knowledge about environmental issues is ...

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Research studies on implicit environmental attitudes have found that they


A) are sometimes better predictors than explicit environmental attitudes of environmentally relevant behavior.
B) sometimes do not predict environmental intentions or behaviors.
C) both A and B
D) Neither A nor B

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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Many psychologists believe that all variation in people's personalities can be captured by just _______ dimensions.


A) three
B) five
C) eight
D) twelve

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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B

Whether nature experiences lead to a feeling of affiliation and identification with nature may depend upon the context of the experiences.

A) True
B) False

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Personal identities are typically defined by social context.

A) True
B) False

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Attitudes are _____________ than values.


A) more closely linked to behavior
B) less enduring
C) more resistant to change
D) All of the above

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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Not all people perceive environmental inequalites, such as unequal access to clean drinking water, as unjust.

A) True
B) False

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One possible explanation for why implicit proenvironmental attitudes may not predict proenvironmental behavior is that


A) implicit attitudes may better predict spontaneous behavior than deliberate behavior.
B) implicit attitudes may better predict deliberate behavior than spontaneous behavior.
C) implicit attitudes are generally not predictive of external behaviors.
D) implicit attitudes only predict intentions, not behaviors

E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

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Which of the following is false about gender differences in environmental behaviors?


A) One study found that women are more likely than men to recycle at home.
B) One study found that women have rarely led grassroots environmental campaigns.
C) One study found that men are more likely than women to attend political meetings about environmental issues.
D) One study found that women are more likely than men to make ecologically responsible dietary choices.

E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

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Research suggests that policy-makers tend to have higher ecological literacy and environmental knowledge than members of the general public.

A) True
B) False

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