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When the distances between scale descriptors are absolute and known, the scale is said to possess the characteristic of description.

A) True
B) False

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An open-ended question presents no response options to the respondent.

A) True
B) False

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A respondent has an income of less than $10,000 but states he earns more than $100,000 during an interview. This is an example of low-reliability.

A) True
B) False

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False

All scaled-response questions must be labeled.

A) True
B) False

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Categorical scales represent scales that are either nominal or ordinal.

A) True
B) False

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True

A summated scale is one in which the number of checked responses, yes-no scale, in a list of constructs, will be counted for each respondent, and that number will stand as the metric measure of the construct.

A) True
B) False

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Reader's Digest conducts an annual survey across 18 different European countries and asks respondents to rate brands across 30 product categories. The questions ask the consumers to rate the brands from 1 to 5 on each of the following: quality, value, strong image, and understanding consumer needs. This is an example of a(n) :


A) anchored scale.
B) unanchored scale.
C) summated scale.
D) stapel scale.
E) graphic intensity scale.

F) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

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If a researcher wanted the respondent to answer an open-ended question with no additional information, one would likely use a(n) :


A) open-ended, unaided format
B) open-ended, aided format
C) closed-ended, unaided format
D) continuous response format
E) general format.

F) None of the above
G) A) and E)

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Which type of scaled-response format contains bipolar words such as "hot-cold," "wet-dry," "convenient-inconvenient," and so on?


A) itemized rating scale
B) lifestyle inventory
C) semantic differential scale
D) stapel scale
E) graphic rating scale

F) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

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C

When a scale has a "true zero" it is a nominal scale.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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The descriptors "less-than", "greater-than", and/or "equal to" are distinctions of:


A) description.
B) order.
C) distance.
D) origin.
E) scale.

F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

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If a researcher's construct is opinion then a Likert scale is used.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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Which single characteristic is unique to nominal level of measurement?


A) description
B) order
C) distance
D) origin
E) numbers

F) D) and E)
G) B) and D)

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Which of the following scaled-response formats is good for measuring store, company, or brand images because many marketing stimuli have meaning, mental associations, or connotations?


A) constant sum scale
B) lifestyle inventory
C) semantic differential scale
D) image analysis scales
E) image analysis

F) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

Correct Answer

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Sometimes the nature of the property being measured determines the question response format, for example, for marital status is a multiple-choice categorical response format is appropriate.

A) True
B) False

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Validity is best illustrated by which of the following statements?


A) accuracy or truthfulness of the measurement
B) the extent to which the reliability coefficient approaches
C) the ability to repeat measurements
D) tendency to respond in the same manner to different questions
E) tendency to respond in the same manner to the same questions

F) B) and D)
G) C) and E)

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Because they measure psychological constructs of consumers, such as attitudes, opinions, and feelings, these unobservable constructs are best measured with:


A) invisible response format
B) unaided response format
C) natural metric response format
D) synthetic metric response format
E) psychological construct format

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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A scale that is simply "yes" or "no" is said to have origin.

A) True
B) False

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If a question is designed to measure a construct, for example, "intentions to buy a new product," and the question appears to ask this in a straightforward manner, the measurement would be said to have:


A) reliability
B) validity
C) face validity
D) external reliability
E) internal reliability

F) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

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The text discussed a study that was done on cultural differences among respondents with respect to scale responses. It found that in some cultures extremism is valued, and in some others "going along with the crowd" is expected.

A) True
B) False

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