Question 1

The actor/observer difference in perception is reversed when:

Accepted Answer

A)   the actor views a videotape from the observer's perspective
B)   judgments are made about criminal behaviour
C)   actors and observers are high in self-efficacy
D)   judgments are made about academic performance
E)   actors are experienced at the roles they playF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 2

Which of the following is not an external attribution?

Accepted Answer

A)   the weather
B)   peer group pressure
C)   the situation
D)   good luck
E)   moodF) B) and C)
G) B) and D)

Question 3

The explanations for people being influenced by self-serving biases in attributions include:

Accepted Answer

A)   ego-defensive motives
B)   self-presentation motives
C)   the fundamental attribution error
D)   both a and b
E)   all of the aboveF) B) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 4

You have a schema for eating out. This includes making a reservation for a table, having some drinks, ordering, starting with the soup of the day, etc. This is an example of a(n) :

Accepted Answer

A)   role schema
B)   prototype
C)   event schema
D)   self-schema
E)   social schemaF) C) and D)
G) B) and D)

Question 5

Which of the following is (are)  part of the covariation model?

Accepted Answer

A)   an entity attribution
B)   consensus across actors
C)   hedonic relevance of the action
D)   a and b
E)   all of the aboveF) A) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 6

In a prison, inmates attribute their actions to the situations inside the prison and social workers attribute those actions to the inmates themselves. This illustrates the:

Accepted Answer

A)   fundamental attribution error
B)   actor/observer bias
C)   self-serving bias
D)   defensive attribution
E)   negativity biasF) B) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 7

One of the main criticisms against the attribution theory is:

Accepted Answer

A)   the existence of self-serving biases
B)   the existence of the fundamental attribution error
C)   that much of what people do is 'mindless'
D)   the consistent differences between actors and observers
E)   that there are too many types of attributionsF) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 8

You go to buy a lottery ticket and decide to carefully select your own combination of numbers. This is a good example of a(n) :

Accepted Answer

A)   self-serving bias
B)   illusion of control
C)   fundamental attribution error
D)   correspondent inference
E)   positivity biasF) A) and D)
G) C) and E)

Question 9

Miller and Porter (1983)  found that:

Accepted Answer

A)   victims often exaggerate their responsibility for the event and its consequences
B)   victims usually blame someone else for the event
C)   self-blame is related to effectiveness of coping strategies
D)   a and b
E)   a and cF) C) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 10

Rape and incest victims often are blamed for their victimization and sometimes blame themselves because of what bias?

Accepted Answer

A)   illusion of control
B)   positivity
C)   negativity
D)   discounting principle
E)   ignoring consensus informationF) B) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 11

Research has found that compared to people with weaker just world beliefs, those with strong just world beliefs:

Accepted Answer

A)   are less likely to see negative outcomes such as poor grades on an exam as unfair
B)   are not as likely to view negative outcomes such as job dissatisfaction with anger and resentment
C)   may blame themselves when they experience traumatic events
D)   all of the above
E)   none of the aboveF) B) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 12

What is the dual-systems model of social cognition?

Accepted Answer

A)   conscious and unconscious
B)   rapid automatic and slow deliberative
C)   internal and external
D)   attribution and perception
E)   mindful and mindlessF) A) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 13

What determines how readily one can identify a person as belonging to some category?

Accepted Answer

A)   extent to which person resembles prototype
B)   nature of stereotype about that category
C)   extent to which perceiver allows for variation from the prototype
D)   both a and b
E)   both a and cF) B) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 14

When you discover a likely cause of an event, you tend to ignore other possible causes. This is known as the

Accepted Answer

A)   endowment effect
B)   correspondence bias
C)   lack of integrative complexity
D)   discounting principle
E)   relativity principleF) D) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 15

Attributions of actors and observers differ because

Accepted Answer

A)   they have different perspectives on the same event
B)   the actor's behaviour engulfs the field of perception
C)   actors are more aware of the situation than of themselves
D)   actors and observers have access to different information
E)   all of the aboveF) C) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 16

When my evaluation of you is influenced by certain incidents that come to mind, I am:

Accepted Answer

A)   ignoring base rate information
B)   subject to an illusory correlation
C)   overemphasizing extreme cases
D)   using the availability heuristic
E)   using a prototypeF) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 17

The experiment in which people responded favourably to a request to use the photocopy machine to 'make some copies' demonstrates:

Accepted Answer

A)   the endowment effect
B)   system 1 (rapid automatic)  thinking
C)   system 2 (conscious deliberative)  thinking
D)   fundamental attribution error
E)   system 3 (mindful)  thinkingF) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 18

Which of the following is influenced by schemata?

Accepted Answer

A)   our interpretation of events
B)   our future preparations and expectations
C)   social memory
D)   what we do or do not pay attention to
E)   all of the aboveF) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

Question 19

Which cues do we use to make a correspondent inference?

Accepted Answer

A)   was behavior freely chosen?
B)   was behavior contrary to the usual social norms?
C)   was behavior directed towards us rather than someone else?
D)   all of the above
E)   both a and b, not cF) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 20

Where might we apply Weiner's attribution model of achievement attribution?

Accepted Answer

A)   someone acting friendly to you
B)   results in an Olympic event
C)   covariation of actor, entity and situation
D)   someone gives you a compliment
E)   none of the aboveF) C) and E)
G) B) and D)

Exam 2: Social Perception and Cognition

What is the dual-systems model of social cognition?

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In a prison, inmates attribute their actions to the situations inside the prison and social workers attribute those actions to the inmates themselves. This illustrates the:

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When my evaluation of you is influenced by certain incidents that come to mind, I am:

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What determines how readily one can identify a person as belonging to some category?

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Which of the following is (are) part of the covariation model?

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Which of the following is not an external attribution?

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Which cues do we use to make a correspondent inference?

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You have a schema for eating out. This includes making a reservation for a table, having some drinks, ordering, starting with the soup of the day, etc. This is an example of a(n) :

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One of the main criticisms against the attribution theory is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Miller and Porter (1983) found that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Where might we apply Weiner's attribution model of achievement attribution?

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The actor/observer difference in perception is reversed when:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research has found that compared to people with weaker just world beliefs, those with strong just world beliefs:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You go to buy a lottery ticket and decide to carefully select your own combination of numbers. This is a good example of a(n) :

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The explanations for people being influenced by self-serving biases in attributions include:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Attributions of actors and observers differ because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Rape and incest victims often are blamed for their victimization and sometimes blame themselves because of what bias?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The experiment in which people responded favourably to a request to use the photocopy machine to 'make some copies' demonstrates:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When you discover a likely cause of an event, you tend to ignore other possible causes. This is known as the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is influenced by schemata?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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