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When France pushed for "collective security" among the former Allies during the 1920s,


A) Italy broke its alliance with the French and began to gravitate toward Germany.
B) they argued that the League of Nations had an obligation to take unified action against potential aggressor nations.
C) the democratic nations could not decide how to take any action, since their former ally, the Soviet Union, was now a communist country.
D) both a and b
E) both b and c

F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

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In Spain's Civil War that began in 1936,


A) Hitler and Mussolini sent enough arms and advisers to make the difference, leading Franco and his forces to victory.
B) France joined in to help the Spanish Loyalists by creating a Popular Front movement.
C) most of the Western democracies sided with the Catholic Church, the peasants, and most of the middle classes.
D) Sweden and Switzerland refused to get involved, but Portugal sent troops to support the Loyalists.
E) volunteers from around the world went to Spain to fight with the Loyalists, but United States citizens held to the government's official stance of neutrality.

F) A) and E)
G) All of the above

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Describe and discuss the course of the Asian theater of World War II. What factors brought about Japan's demise?

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The Asian theater of World War II was a ...

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The difference between Hitler's failed attempt at Anschluss in 1934 and his success in 1938 was


A) the decision of the people of Austria to support the move.
B) Mussolini's support rather than opposition, which had been the case in 1934.
C) the growing strength of the Nazi party in Austria by 1938.
D) the failure of the French and British to protest the move.
E) the fact that the League of Nations was no longer involved in overseeing Germany's actions on a regular basis.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

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The failure of Germany's air force in the ____________________ ____________________ ____________________ in 1940 prevented the invasion of what was, at the time, the last remaining Allied Power.

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Winston Churchill first became a public figure when he


A) became the leader of the British government.
B) was elected to Parliament.
C) was a journalist in Africa.
D) was a navy minister in World War Il.
E) spoke out against Chamberlain's support of Hitler.

F) All of the above
G) C) and E)

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The Battle of Britain


A) brought tremendous mental confusion to the British.
B) was fought entirely in the air.
C) allowed Hitler to begin an invasion of the island.
D) had little or no impact on the British.
E) was on the verge of success until Churchill replaced Chamberlain as Prime Minister.

F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

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B

Appeasement of Hitler, 1938-39, was ardently practiced by


A) Neville Chamberlain of Great Britain.
B) Anthony Eden of Great Britain.
C) Vittorio Orlando of Italy.
D) Winston Churchill of Great Britain.
E) Charles de Gaulle of France.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Explain the significance of the Ethiopian invasion and the Spanish Civil War in foreshadowing the global war that eventually erupted.

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The Ethiopian invasion and the Spanish Civil War were both significant events that foreshadowed the global war that eventually erupted in the form of World War II. The Ethiopian invasion, also known as the Second Italo-Ethiopian War, took place between 1935 and 1936 when Italy, under the rule of dictator Benito Mussolini, invaded Ethiopia. This invasion was significant because it demonstrated the aggressive expansionist policies of fascist regimes and their willingness to use military force to achieve their goals. It also highlighted the failure of the League of Nations to prevent or effectively respond to acts of aggression, undermining the credibility of international efforts to maintain peace and security. Similarly, the Spanish Civil War, which took place from 1936 to 1939, was a conflict between the Republican government and Nationalist forces led by General Francisco Franco. The war served as a testing ground for new military tactics and technologies, as well as a proxy war between fascist and anti-fascist powers. The involvement of foreign powers, such as Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy supporting the Nationalists, and the Soviet Union supporting the Republicans, further escalated the conflict and highlighted the growing tensions between different ideological and political factions. Both of these conflicts demonstrated the growing influence and aggression of fascist regimes in Europe, as well as the inability of international organizations to effectively prevent or resolve conflicts. The failure to address these issues and the growing tensions between major powers ultimately set the stage for the outbreak of World War II in 1939. In conclusion, the Ethiopian invasion and the Spanish Civil War were significant in foreshadowing the global war that eventually erupted by highlighting the aggressive expansionist policies of fascist regimes, the failure of international efforts to maintain peace and security, and the growing tensions between major powers in Europe. These events served as warning signs of the impending conflict and the need for stronger international cooperation to prevent another devastating war.

Italy's brutal, unprovoked attack upon ____________________ in 1935 clearly demonstrated the deficiencies of the League of Nations.

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Ethiopia

Somewhat surprisingly, it was ____ that offered to join in an alliance to go to the aid of Czechoslovakia when Hitler invaded that country.


A) Italy
B) France
C) Switzerland
D) the United States
E) the Soviet Union

F) A) and C)
G) C) and D)

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The main issue of the Potsdam Conference seemed to be


A) whether or not the United States should use the atom bomb on Japan.
B) determining how and when free elections would be held in eastern European countries after the war ended.
C) establishing rules for the granting of freedom to eastern European countries.
D) Stalin's disinclination to come to terms with the Allied leaders who had replaced Churchill and FDR.
E) whether the United States and the Soviet Union would be able to remain partners until the war was over.

F) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

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Explain the factors leading to Germany's apparent success during the years 1939-1942. Assess the changes that began to take place during 1942-1943 that took the war in a different direction. At which point did Hitler's defeat become just a matter of time?

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Germany's apparent success during the ye...

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Assess the extent to which the German triumphs of 1938-1939 were due to Allied weakness, and how much was due to Hitler's ingenuity.

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The German triumphs of 1938-1939 can be ...

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France held out hope for a long time that, if push came to shove,


A) the Maginot Line would protect them from Germany.
B) Germany could not succeed in any aggressive action against them without Austria's support, and since Anschluss was forbidden, all would be well.
C) Mussolini would rein Hitler in and come on board with France.
D) the United States would intervene with economic sanctions and halt German aggression in its tracks.
E) Britain would come to the support of the beleaguered Czech government when Hitler made his bid for domination there.

F) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

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One ostensible reason for the Spanish Civil War was the military's fear of


A) the country's new republic.
B) a fascist takeover.
C) communism.
D) Mussolini.
E) a return to monarchy.

F) A) and B)
G) All of the above

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In your estimation, could the Cold War have been avoided? Cite specific events and personalities of the period 1943-1946 to support your ideas.

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In my estimation, the Cold War could hav...

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Moscow supported and sent aid to the ____________________ ____________________ in Spain, which was battling Franco's forces.

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One of the earliest of Hitler's violations of the Versailles Treaty was the creation of the powerful ____________________, or German ____________________ ____________________.

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Luftwaffe;...

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By the terms of the Little Entente, ____________________ undertook mutual protection against Germany, by joining with three Eastern European states.

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