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Explain the differences between composite and shield volcanoes.

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Radar maps of Venus show impact craters.

A) True
B) False

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One hypothesis suggested to explain the uniform age of the surface of Venus is that


A) Venus's surface is 4 billion years old and has not been affected by flooding or slow evolution.
B) Venus's surface is made of rocks that are much harder than Earth's and thus last longer.
C) Venus periodically goes through a catastrophic melting of its entire surface.
D) Venus's clouds protect it from meteorites so that very few impacts occur to change its surface.
E) dust storms deposit large amount of dust on the surface, making it appear of uniform age.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and C)

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What evidence do we have that the crust of Mercury has been impacted in the past?

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The evidence that the crust of Mercury h...

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Which Terrestrial planet has the combination of most rapid rotation, liquid interior, and strongest magnetic field?


A) Venus
B) Mercury
C) Earth
D) Mars

E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Why is carbon dioxide important in maintaining a greenhouse effect?

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Which of the solar system objects listed below is most similar to Earth in terms of mass and density?


A) Mercury
B) the moon
C) Venus
D) Mars
E) Deimos

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Measurements of the magnetic field of Venus reveal that the


A) planet has a large iron core.
B) interior of the planet is molten.
C) planet has no detectable magnetic field.
D) planet rotates backwards.
E) magnetic field is responsible for large auroral displays (northern lights) on Venus.

F) All of the above
G) A) and B)

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Which of the following supports the idea that the Martian crust is not divided into moving plates like those on Earth? Which of the following supports the idea that the Martian crust is not divided into moving plates like those on Earth? A) I & II B) II & III C) II, III & IV D) I, II, & III E) I, II, III, & IV


A) I & II
B) II & III
C) II, III & IV
D) I, II, & III
E) I, II, III, & IV

F) A) and E)
G) All of the above

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Which terrestrial planet has the highest-pressure (thickest) atmosphere?


A) Mercury
B) Venus
C) Earth
D) Mars

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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Lobate scarps are believed to have formed on Mercury when its interior cooled and shrank.

A) True
B) False

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Which one of the phrases below is the current explanation of why the surface of Venus is so hot?


A) Venus's poor reflectivity
B) the action of the greenhouse effect caused by carbon dioxide
C) always keeping the same face turned toward the sun
D) the action of the greenhouse effect caused by hydrogen

E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

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What physical property of Venus is vastly dissimilar compared to Earth?


A) radius
B) mass
C) density
D) surface temperature

E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

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The terrestrial planet with the most effective greenhouse effect is ____________________.

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That Mercury has a large iron core is evidenced by


A) the large lobate scarps.
B) the large mean density of Mercury.
C) the lava flows near Caloris Basin.
D) all of the above.
E) none of the above.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

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What do astronomers generally believe about the origin of Mars's moons?


A) They formed with the planet out of the protoplanetary material.
B) They formed elsewhere and were captured at a later time.
C) They were ejected from Mars during its formation.
D) They were once a single moon and a later catastrophic event broke them in two.

E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

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The graph below plots the escape velocity of each planet along the vertical axis and its surface temperature along the horizontal. The lines plotted in the figure are the speeds of the fastest gas particles as a function of temperature for various gases. Which of the gases plotted in the diagram could be retained in the atmosphere of Mars? The graph below plots the escape velocity of each planet along the vertical axis and its surface temperature along the horizontal. The lines plotted in the figure are the speeds of the fastest gas particles as a function of temperature for various gases. Which of the gases plotted in the diagram could be retained in the atmosphere of Mars? A) only CO<sub>2</sub> B) only NH<sub>3</sub> C) CO<sub>2</sub>, NH<sub>3</sub>, and O<sub>2</sub> D) only H<sub>2</sub> E) H<sub>2</sub> and He


A) only CO2
B) only NH3
C) CO2, NH3, and O2
D) only H2
E) H2 and He

F) None of the above
G) All of the above

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The largest volcano found on one of the terrestrial planets is ____________________.

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Evaluate the evidence that Mars had a liquid water past.

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Describe Venus's surface features which are similar to those on Earth and those which are different. Why the differences?

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