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When a firm simultaneously practices operational relatedness and corporate relatedness,


A) it is difficult for investors to observe the value created by the firm.
B) the firm is likely to be overvalued by investors.
C) the firm will suffer from diseconomies of scope that outweigh cost savings generated.
D) the firm is seeking to create value through financial economies.

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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The main difference between the related constrained level of diversification and the related linked level of diversification is


A) the percentage of total organizational profitability that comes from the dominant business.
B) the level of resources and activities shared among the businesses.
C) whether the diversification is vertical or horizontal.
D) whether the diversification is value-creating or value-neutral.

E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

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If managers diversify a firm in a way that does not produce value,the firm risks capital market intervention.

A) True
B) False

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Since the 1950s,U.S. government policy regarding antitrust concerns has remained constant.

A) True
B) False

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Successful product diversification is expected to increase the variability in the firm's profitability since the earnings are generated from several different business units.

A) True
B) False

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Compared to diversification that is grounded in intangible resources,diversification based on financial resources only is more visible to competitors and thus more imitable and less likely to create value on a long-term basis.

A) True
B) False

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Firms seeking to create value through corporate relatedness use the related constrained strategy.

A) True
B) False

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PorkPride Foods produces hams and other meat products. It owns hog raising operations. This is an example of a Business.


A) de-integrated
B) vertically integrated
C) totally integrated
D) horizontally integrated

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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One method of facilitating the transfer of competencies between firms is to


A) virtually integrate the two firms.
B) transfer key people into new management positions.
C) share support activities, such as purchasing practices.
D) restructure the weaker firm to mirror the structure of the more successful firm.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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Among the value-neutral incentives to diversify,some come from the firm's external environment while others are internal to the firm. External incentives to diversify include


A) the fact that other firms in an industry are diversifying.
B) pressure from stockholders who are demanding that the firm diversify.
C) changes in antitrust regulations and tax laws.
D) a firm's low performance.

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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What is the effect of a firm's low performance on the pursuit of diversification?

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High corporate performance eliminates the need for diversification. Some research shows that low returns are related to greater levels of diversification. Firms plagued by poor performance often diversify in an effort to become more profitable. But, continued poor performance following diversification may slow the pace of diversification and may lead to divestitures and a focus on the core business. In addition, firms that are more broadly diversified compared to their competitors may have lower overall performance. Figure 6.3 shows that the related constrained diversification strategy is the highest performing strategy. So poor performing firms that intend to diversify should look at purchasing businesses that would be suitable for this strategy rather than moving into unrelated diversification or retaining a dominant business strategy.

It can be difficult for investors to actually observe the value created by a firm (such as Walt Disney)as it shares activities and transfers core competencies.

A) True
B) False

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Firms use corporate-level diversification strategies for all the following reasons EXCEPT


A) value-creating.
B) value-neutral.
C) value-reducing.
D) value-diversifying.

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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D

The term "conglomerates" refers to firms using the______diversification strategy.


A) unrelated
B) related constrained
C) related linked
D) global

E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

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The Publicis Groupe uses the digital technology from its digital business to enhance the advertising products in its advertising group. This sharing of activities is characteristic of the______diversification strategy.


A) related constrained
B) related linked
C) unrelated
D) dominant

E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

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Firms using a related diversification strategy may gain market power when successfully using their related constrained or related linked strategy.

A) True
B) False

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Operational relatedness is created by______of


A) sharing; core competencies.
B) sharing; activities.
C) transferring; core competencies.
D) transferring; activities.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Because of the tax laws of the 1960s and 1970s,when dividends were taxed more heavily than capital gains,shareholders preferred that corporations


A) pay dividends annually.
B) keep free cash flows for investment in acquisitions.
C) distribute capital gains regularly.
D) increase managerial salaries.

E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

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B

Performance continues to increase as diversification increases from single business to unrelated diversification.

A) True
B) False

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Describe the primary reasons a firm pursues increased diversification.

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Firms typically diversify to increase th...

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