Question 1

The auditory tubes open into the

Accepted Answer

A)   larynx.
B)   nasal cavity.
C)   nasopharynx.
D)   laryngopharynx.
E)   oropharynx.F) All of the above
G) B) and E)

Question 2

External respiration involves the

Accepted Answer

A)   exchange of dissolved gases between the blood and the interstitial fluid.
B)   utilization of oxygen by tissues to support metabolism.
C)   diffusion of gases between the alveoli and the circulating blood.
D)   movement of air into and out of the lungs.
E)   binding of oxygen by hemoglobin.F) None of the above
G) D) and E)

Question 3

Figure 21- 2 Mechanics of Ventilation
Use Figure 21- 2 to answer the following questions:
-Which muscles)  contracts)  to cause the movement indicated by the arrows labeled "6" and "7"?

Accepted Answer

A)   rectus abdominis
B)   internal intercostals
C)   diaphragm
D)   external intercostals
E)   both A and BF) B) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 4

A pair of ligaments covered by laryngeal epithelium that function in sound production are the

Accepted Answer

A)   vocal folds.
B)   intrinsic ligaments.
C)   ventricular folds.
D)   intrinsic laryngeal muscles.
E)   extrinsic ligaments.F) All of the above
G) B) and D)

Question 5

The Hering- Breuer reflex

Accepted Answer

A)   is an important aspect of normal, quiet breathing.
B)   alters pulmonary ventilation when the PO2 changes.
C)   alters pulmonary ventilation when the PCO2 changes.
D)   protects the lungs from damage due to overinflation.
E)   functions to increase ventilation with changes in blood pressure.F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 6

Henry's law states that

Accepted Answer

A)   gas volume and pressure are inversely proportional.
B)   gas pressure is inversely proportional to gas volume.
C)   gas volume and temperature are directly proportional.
D)   the volume of gas that will dissolve in a solvent is proportional to the solubility of the gas and the gas pressure.
E)   in a mixture of gases such as air, the total pressure is the sum of the individual partial pressures of the gases in the mixture.F) B) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 7

In emphysema, which of these occur?

Accepted Answer

A)   compliance increases
B)   elevated PCO2 in the blood
C)   alveoli collapse
D)   all of the above
E)   A and C onlyF) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

Question 8

The C shape of the tracheal cartilages is important because

Accepted Answer

A)   it facilitates turning of the head.
B)   large masses of food can pass through the esophagus during swallowing.
C)   large masses of air can pass through the trachea.
D)   A, B, and C
E)   A and B onlyF) A) and C)
G) A) and D)

Question 9

Identify the structure labeled "2."

Accepted Answer

A)   internal nares
B)   nasal sinus
C)   olfactory organ
D)   oropharynx
E)   nasopharynxF) C) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 10

Each of the following factors affects the rate of external respiration, except the

Accepted Answer

A)   thickness of the respiratory membrane.
B)   PO2 of the alveoli.
C)   diameter of an alveolus.
D)   solubility of oxygen in plasma.
E)   PCO2 of the blood.F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 11

The apneustic centers of the pons

Accepted Answer

A)   provide continuous stimulation to the inspiratory center.
B)   generate the gasp reflex.
C)   inhibit the pneumotaxic and inspiratory centers.
D)   monitor blood gas levels.
E)   alter chemoreceptor sensitivity.F) B) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 12

Physical damage to the lamina propria of the nasal mucosa is likely to result in

Accepted Answer

A)   epistaxis.
B)   a deviated septum.
C)   nosebleeds.
D)   nasal congestion.
E)   A or CF) A) and B)
G) All of the above

Question 13

Figure 21- 1 The Upper Airways
Use Figure 21- 1 to answer the following questions:
-What is the function of the structure labeled "8"?

Accepted Answer

A)   prevents food from entering the larynx
B)   causes air to swirl within the respiratory passageway
C)   acts like a supplementary air pump
D)   forces air into the lungs
E)   prevents food from entering the pharynxF) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 14

Damage to the type II pneumocytes of the lungs would result in

Accepted Answer

A)   a loss of surfactant.
B)   an increased rate of gas exchange.
C)   increased surface tension in the alveoli
D)   increased tendency to alveolar collapse.
E)   A, C, and DF) A) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 15

The openings to the nostrils are the

Accepted Answer

A)   nasal apertures.
B)   external nares.
C)   conchae.
D)   vestibules.
E)   internal nares.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 16

Which of the following would be greater?

Accepted Answer

A)   hemoglobin's affinity for oxygen when the BPG level is low
B)   hemoglobin's affinity for oxygen when the BPG level is high
C)   Neither is greater.D) A) and C)
E) None of the above

Question 17

Which of these descriptions best matches the term bronchiolar smooth muscle?

Accepted Answer

A)   accessory muscle of expiration
B)   contraction increases airway resistance
C)   accessory muscle of inspiration
D)   affects lung compliance
E)   primary muscle of inspirationF) B) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 18

The entire array of protective mechanisms in the respiratory system is called the______

Accepted Answer

respirator...

Question 19

Which of the following is greatest?

Accepted Answer

A)   the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in venous blood
B)   the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in expired air
C)   the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in inspired air
D)   the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in alveolar air
E)   the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial bloodF) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 20

The volume of air moved in a single respiratory cycle is termed________

Accepted Answer

The answer of The volume of air moved in a...

Exam 21: The Respiratory System

The openings to the nostrils are the

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External respiration involves the

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A pair of ligaments covered by laryngeal epithelium that function in sound production are the

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The auditory tubes open into the

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The Hering- Breuer reflex

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Which of these descriptions best matches the term bronchiolar smooth muscle?

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Which of the following is greatest?

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Figure 21- 2 Mechanics of Ventilation Use Figure 21- 2 to answer the following questions: -Which muscles) contracts) to cause the movement indicated by the arrows labeled "6" and "7"?

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In emphysema, which of these occur?

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The volume of air moved in a single respiratory cycle is termed________

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The apneustic centers of the pons

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Damage to the type II pneumocytes of the lungs would result in

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The C shape of the tracheal cartilages is important because

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Each of the following factors affects the rate of external respiration, except the

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Figure 21- 1 The Upper Airways Use Figure 21- 1 to answer the following questions: -What is the function of the structure labeled "8"?

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Henry's law states that

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Physical damage to the lamina propria of the nasal mucosa is likely to result in

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Identify the structure labeled "2."

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Which of the following would be greater?

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The entire array of protective mechanisms in the respiratory system is called the______

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respirator...
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