Question 1

List the three types of temperament as classified by Alexander Chess and Stella Thomas. Explain how a baby with each type might respond to meeting a new person in a new situation.

Accepted Answer

Psychiatrists Alexander Chess and Stella...

Question 2

Molly is an 18-month-old child who shows an "other-conscious" emotion when her caregiver praises her for doing a certain task in the presence of other children her age. Identify the emotion being described in this scenario.

Accepted Answer

A)   interest
B)   pride
C)   disgust
D)   fearE) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 3

The United States currently grants up to ________ weeks of ________ leave for caring for a newborn.

Accepted Answer

A)   12; unpaid
B)   14; paid
C)   18; paid
D)   18; unpaidE) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 4

Which of the following is an important role played by emotions during infancy?

Accepted Answer

A)   cognition
B)   communication
C)   sensation
D)   sucklingE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 5

Distinguish between reflexive and social smiles. Explain the role of maternal effort in infant smiling and laughter.

Accepted Answer

A reflexive smile does not occur in resp...

Question 6

Which of the following statements is true about emotions?

Accepted Answer

A)   Self-conscious emotions are the first language with which parents and infants communicate.
B)   Social relationships seldom provide the setting for the development of emotions.
C)   Biological evolution has endowed human beings to be emotional.
D)   Embeddedness in relationships prevents diversity in emotional experiences.E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 7

A social smile differs from a reflexive smile in that a social smile

Accepted Answer

A)   occurs in response to an external stimulus.
B)   is first observed beyond the age of 12 months.
C)   occurs only when the infant is asleep.
D)   usually occurs when a child meets unfamiliar adults outside the home environment.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 8

What is stranger anxiety, and when does it develop? What is separation protest, and when does it peak?

Accepted Answer

Stranger anxiety is when an infant shows...

Question 9

Explain reciprocal socialization and scaffolding. Explain the importance of scaffolding in infant development.

Accepted Answer

Reciprocal socialization is socializatio...

Question 10

Diego is in the Strange Situation with his caregiver; he explores the room and examines the toys that have been placed in it. He uses the caregiver as a secure base from which to explore the room. He would be classified as being

Accepted Answer

A)   insecure resistant.
B)   insecure avoidant.
C)   securely attached.
D)   insecure disorganized.E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 11

Eva wanted to check if her 8-month-old nephew, Michael, could recognize his own reflection in a mirror. She places him in front of a mirror and applies a bit of baby powder on his nose. Which of the following is most likely to happen?

Accepted Answer

A)   Michael will touch his own nose to wipe off the powder.
B)   Michael will touch the reflection of his nose on the mirror because he wants to wipe the powder off his own nose.
C)   Michael will touch the reflection on the mirror because he wonders why the other child has powder on his nose.
D)   Michael will crawl away from the mirror because he does not recognize his own reflection in the mirror.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 12

Mariposa is in the Strange Situation; she moves freely away from her mother but keeps track of where she is through periodic glances. She would most likely be classified as being

Accepted Answer

A)   insecurely attached.
B)   extremely inhibited.
C)   securely attached.
D)   difficult.E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 13

According to Jerome Kagan, children with which of the following types of temperament at age two to three later showed social phobia symptoms at seven years of age?

Accepted Answer

A)   inhibited
B)   extremely uninhibited
C)   intermediate
D)   surgentE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 14

In the Strange Situation, Latoya basically ignored her mother, was not upset when she left the room, and did not seek her out when she returned. Mary Ainsworth would most likely classify Latoya as being

Accepted Answer

A)   securely attached.
B)   insecure avoidant.
C)   insecure resistant.
D)   insecure antisocial.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 15

Twenty-four-month-old Tyler is placed in front of a mirror with a spot of rouge on his nose. Tyler will most likely

Accepted Answer

A)   touch his own nose to wipe off the spot.
B)   touch the spot on the mirror because he wants to wipe the spot off his own nose.
C)   touch the spot on the mirror because he wonders why the other child has a spot on his nose.
D)   crawl away from the mirror because he does not recognize himself with the spot on his nose.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 16

Researchers have had mothers put a dot of rouge on the noses of babies and place the babies in front of mirrors to see their reaction. These researchers are studying the concept of

Accepted Answer

A)   trust.
B)   attachment.
C)   temperament.
D)   sense of self.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 17

When people become parents through pregnancy, adoption, or step-parenting, they face ________ and must adapt.

Accepted Answer

A)   equilibrium
B)   disturbance
C)   disequilibrium
D)   symmetryE) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 18

The fear of strangers peaks

Accepted Answer

A)   in the first three months after birth.
B)   toward the end of the first year of life.
C)   toward the middle of the second year of life.
D)   in the first six months after birth.E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 19

Carla is discussing stranger anxiety in toddlers with her friend, Maria. She tells Maria that her toddler, Beth, showed less stranger anxiety when she met her new nanny in their home. Which of the following statements best explains Beth's reaction?

Accepted Answer

A)   Beth showed less stranger anxiety as she is used to being taken care of by nannies.
B)   Beth showed less stranger anxiety as she was in a familiar setting.
C)   Beth showed less stranger anxiety as she likes meeting strangers and is comfortable with them.
D)   Beth showed less stranger anxiety as she is a disorganized child who was confused and did not know how to react.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 20

Jerome Kagan's classification of temperament focuses on

Accepted Answer

A)   inhibition to the unfamiliar.
B)   a positive or negative mood state.
C)   effortful control.
D)   (hyper)  activity level.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Exam 4: Socioemotional Development in Infancy

Explain reciprocal socialization and scaffolding. Explain the importance of scaffolding in infant development.

Correct AnswerverifiedReciprocal socialization is socializatio...View AnswerShow Answer

The fear of strangers peaks

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the Strange Situation, Latoya basically ignored her mother, was not upset when she left the room, and did not seek her out when she returned. Mary Ainsworth would most likely classify Latoya as being

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mariposa is in the Strange Situation; she moves freely away from her mother but keeps track of where she is through periodic glances. She would most likely be classified as being

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

List the three types of temperament as classified by Alexander Chess and Stella Thomas. Explain how a baby with each type might respond to meeting a new person in a new situation.

Correct AnswerverifiedPsychiatrists Alexander Chess and Stella...View AnswerShow Answer

Diego is in the Strange Situation with his caregiver; he explores the room and examines the toys that have been placed in it. He uses the caregiver as a secure base from which to explore the room. He would be classified as being

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Eva wanted to check if her 8-month-old nephew, Michael, could recognize his own reflection in a mirror. She places him in front of a mirror and applies a bit of baby powder on his nose. Which of the following is most likely to happen?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Jerome Kagan's classification of temperament focuses on

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is true about emotions?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When people become parents through pregnancy, adoption, or step-parenting, they face ________ and must adapt.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Distinguish between reflexive and social smiles. Explain the role of maternal effort in infant smiling and laughter.

Correct AnswerverifiedA reflexive smile does not occur in resp...View AnswerShow Answer

Molly is an 18-month-old child who shows an "other-conscious" emotion when her caregiver praises her for doing a certain task in the presence of other children her age. Identify the emotion being described in this scenario.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The United States currently grants up to ________ weeks of ________ leave for caring for a newborn.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Twenty-four-month-old Tyler is placed in front of a mirror with a spot of rouge on his nose. Tyler will most likely

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Researchers have had mothers put a dot of rouge on the noses of babies and place the babies in front of mirrors to see their reaction. These researchers are studying the concept of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is an important role played by emotions during infancy?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Jerome Kagan, children with which of the following types of temperament at age two to three later showed social phobia symptoms at seven years of age?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is stranger anxiety, and when does it develop? What is separation protest, and when does it peak?

Correct AnswerverifiedStranger anxiety is when an infant shows...View AnswerShow Answer

Carla is discussing stranger anxiety in toddlers with her friend, Maria. She tells Maria that her toddler, Beth, showed less stranger anxiety when she met her new nanny in their home. Which of the following statements best explains Beth's reaction?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A social smile differs from a reflexive smile in that a social smile

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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Reciprocal socialization is socializatio...
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Psychiatrists Alexander Chess and Stella...
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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A reflexive smile does not occur in resp...
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Correct Answer
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The United States currently grants up to weeks of leave for caring for a newborn.

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Stranger anxiety is when an infant shows...
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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