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Exam 12: Adolescence: Social, Personality and Relationship Development in a Nutshell

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Question 1

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Adolescents from authoritarian homes tend to be conforming, dependent and submissive, while authoritatively reared teenagers are inclined to be independent, assertive and outgoing, as well as sometimes rebellious, disobedient and disrespectful.

A) True
B) False

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Question 2

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According to Ford et al. (1995) , the strongest predictor of adolescent smoking is:

A) having a strong attachment to a social sub- group.
B) having a parent who smoked.
C) watching televised spots.
D) lack of knowledge of adverse health effects.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Question 3

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A 2007 Mission Australia survey of more than 27 000 Australian young people aged 15 to 19 showed that family arguments were the _____________ highest source of worry and concern reported by these young people.

The Australian adolescents who were studied by Noller and her colleagues (1995; 2001) tended to develop approaches to dealing with conflicts that were the exact opposite of the way their parents resolve marital disputes.

Across the age period from 15 to 24, suicide was ranked as the _____________ highest killer of males and the _____________ most common cause of death among females in Australia (Kosky, 1987).

_____________ regulate an individual boy or girl's development of both sexuality and heterosexual friendship.

Scott et al. (1991) found that in cultures like Taiwan and Japan, parents are often more autocratic than their counterparts in the United States, and yet Japan and Taiwan produced _____________ adjusted adolescents.

The adolescent who retains an intense attachment for a parent throughout the upheavals of pubertal physical growth and the social transition into adult life is in the most dangerous position of all, according to _____________ .

Anna Freud (1958) argued that emotional dependency on parents, although healthy during childhood, was likely to prove less so in adolescence.

Aristotle proposed a typology of three distinct kinds of friends. Which of the following is not included?

During _____________ , same- sex friendship is likely to assume greater importance than the parent- child relationship or dating a member of the opposite sex.

Hazan and Zeifman (1994) found that peers increasingly become the targets of secure base attachment for adolescents as they grow older. The rates increase from _____________ percent for ages 12- 14 to _____________ percent for ages 15- 17.

McCabe (1984) found that Sydney teenagers' sex role orientations influenced their dating attitudes. Regardless of biological gender, adolescents with feminine sex roles on Bem's measure desired more affection and less overt sexuality on a date than masculine or androgynous adolescents.

Parents' efforts and example are important in protecting their offspring from drug abuse. Young people with warm and open relationships with their parents rarely engage in illicit drug use, even in the face of strong peer pressure to experiment.

Compared with Australian teenagers whose parent and step- parent were both authoritative in control, the children of disengaged parent dyads were _____________ or _____________ times more likely to report committing petty and violent crimes.

In the separation of intense emotional attachment to their parents, adolescents may:

Household roles for children and adolescents are frequently gender- segregated.

According to Youniss (1983), agreement between parent and adolescent enhances cognition by displaying multiple conflicting views of social situations and motivating resolution of differences.

Most teenagers hope for _____________ autonomy over their substance use decisions than their parents deem appropriate.

According to Mulroney (2003) , _____________ percent of adult women in married or de facto relationships have experienced violence at some time in the relationship, and _____________ percent of those who separate from a violent partner continue to experience violence during the separation.