Question 1

Typically, a case study

Accepted Answer

A)   cannot compare the person being studied to a comparison group.
B)   is of little interest to personality theorists.
C)   reports a large amount of numerical data.
D)   allows researchers to draw strong conclusions about cause and effect.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C) A

Question 2

A test that produces approximately the same results upon being readministered would be described as having a high level of

Accepted Answer

A)   test retest coefficient.
B)   internal consistency.
C)   face validity.
D)   internal validity.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 3

Discuss the strengths and limitations of the case study method when conducting research into personality.

Accepted Answer

The case study method has several streng...

Question 4

A researcher compares people who have gone to college with those who have not. He predicts and finds that people with a college education are less likely to smoke or drink than those who never went. In this example, the researcher is using

Accepted Answer

A)   randomly assigned participants.
B)   a manipulated independent variable.
C)   a nonmanipulated independent variable.
D)   a correlation coefficient.E) C) and D)
F) None of the above C

Question 5

The file drawer problem makes it difficult to determine

Accepted Answer

A)   the prediction was made before or after seeing the results.
B)   the appropriate statistical tests were used.
C)   the strength of an effect due to lack of replication.
D)   how valid the measures were.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 6

According to the "law of parsimony,"

Accepted Answer

A)   a good theory generates a large number of hypotheses.
B)   the best theory is the one that explains a phenomenon with the fewest constructs.
C)   hypotheses are generated from theories.
D)   theories should require as few studies as possible to support them.E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 7

Define validity. List by name the several kinds of test validity. Discuss each kind of validity by contrasting examples of tests that are low and high in it.

Accepted Answer

Validity refers to the extent to which a...

Question 8

Which of the following does a correlation coefficient not tell us?

Accepted Answer

A)   If the difference between two means reflects a real difference or can be attributed to chance fluctuation.
B)   The strength of a relationship between two measures.
C)   The direction of a relationship between two measures.
D)   How well a score on one measure can be predicted by a score on another.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 9

Which of the following statements is correct about hypothetical constructs?

Accepted Answer

A)   They are useful inventions by researchers that have no physical reality.
B)   They are easier to measure than personality variables.
C)   They cannot be measured with personality tests.
D)   They have poor reliability and validity.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 10

A researcher maintains that a person's self-esteem level is largely inherited from his or her parents. From this, she derives the prediction that children with low self-esteem probably come from homes where one or both parents have low self-esteem. In this case, the formal prediction is the

Accepted Answer

A)   theory.
B)   hypothesis.
C)   independent variable.
D)   dependent variable.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 11

A test maker wants to make sure his or her new measure of social anxiety appears to be measuring the construct. The test maker is interested in

Accepted Answer

A)   face validity.
B)   congruent validity.
C)   discriminant validity.
D)   behavioral validation.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 12

Which saying is the best summary for the law of parsimony?

Accepted Answer

A)   What's good for one might not be good for another.
B)   Don't judge a book by its cover.
C)   Keep it simple.
D)   Don't believe everything you read.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 13

Experimenters can be most confident in making statements about cause and effect when they conduct research using which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   Correlation coefficients
B)   Manipulated independent variables
C)   Nonmanipulated independent variables
D)   Case studiesE) C) and D)
F) A) and C) B

Question 14

Which of the following is true about replication in experimental research?

Accepted Answer

A)   We often use different experimental methods to reach different conclusions.
B)   We deal with the problem of prediction versus hindsight by replicating the results of original research.
C)   We often use participant populations different from those used in the original research.
D)   We tend to explain effect after the data are in.E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 15

A researcher divides participants into those who suffer from insomnia and those who sleep well. He compares the two groups on the number of hours each spends at leisure activities in an average week. He finds the insomniacs spend significantly fewer hours at such activities than do the participants who sleep well. In this example, the number of hours spent at leisure activities is

Accepted Answer

A)   the independent variable.
B)   the dependent variable.
C)   confounded with which group the participant is in.
D)   the hypothesis.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 16

Which of the following is true about reliability?

Accepted Answer

A)   Reliability is basically a "yes" or "no" question. A test either is or is not reliable.
B)   A test does not need reliability if it has good face validity.
C)   If a test has reliability, it also has validity.
D)   A test's reliability is shown by how well the test items correlate with each other.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 17

A statistically significant finding can sometimes be the result of chance fluctuation. This concern can be eased by

Accepted Answer

A)   replication.
B)   using case studies.
C)   making predictions before seeing the data.
D)   using manipulated independent variables.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 18

A test is said to have good validity if there is good evidence that

Accepted Answer

A)   all the test items are measuring the same thing.
B)   it has been used previously by many different researchers.
C)   test scores are relatively stable over time.
D)   the test measures what it was designed to measure.E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 19

Which of the following is the correlation coefficient indicating the strongest relationship?

Accepted Answer

A)   -.62
B)   00
C)   .89
D)   -.05E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 20

Personality researchers take steps to discover the nature of personality in which order?

Accepted Answer

A)   Generate hypotheses, evaluate data, speculate
B)   Generate hypotheses, collect data, evaluate data
C)   Collect data, evaluate data, speculate
D)   Speculate, collect data, generate hypothesesE) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Exam 2: Personality Research Methods

Typically, a case study

Correct Answer
verified
A

A test that produces approximately the same results upon being readministered would be described as having a high level of

Correct Answer
verified

Discuss the strengths and limitations of the case study method when conducting research into personality.

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
The case study method has several streng...
View Answer

A researcher compares people who have gone to college with those who have not. He predicts and finds that people with a college education are less likely to smoke or drink than those who never went. In this example, the researcher is using

Correct Answer
verified
C

The file drawer problem makes it difficult to determine

Correct Answer
verified

According to the "law of parsimony,"

Correct Answer
verified

Define validity. List by name the several kinds of test validity. Discuss each kind of validity by contrasting examples of tests that are low and high in it.

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
Validity refers to the extent to which a...
View Answer

Which of the following does a correlation coefficient not tell us?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements is correct about hypothetical constructs?

Correct Answer
verified

A researcher maintains that a person's self-esteem level is largely inherited from his or her parents. From this, she derives the prediction that children with low self-esteem probably come from homes where one or both parents have low self-esteem. In this case, the formal prediction is the

Correct Answer
verified

A test maker wants to make sure his or her new measure of social anxiety appears to be measuring the construct. The test maker is interested in

Correct Answer
verified

Which saying is the best summary for the law of parsimony?

Correct Answer
verified

Experimenters can be most confident in making statements about cause and effect when they conduct research using which of the following?

Correct Answer
verified
B

Which of the following is true about replication in experimental research?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is true about reliability?

Correct Answer
verified

A statistically significant finding can sometimes be the result of chance fluctuation. This concern can be eased by

Correct Answer
verified

A test is said to have good validity if there is good evidence that

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is the correlation coefficient indicating the strongest relationship?

Correct Answer
verified

Personality researchers take steps to discover the nature of personality in which order?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 2: Personality Research Methods

Typically, a case study

Correct AnswerverifiedA

A test that produces approximately the same results upon being readministered would be described as having a high level of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Discuss the strengths and limitations of the case study method when conducting research into personality.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIThe case study method has several streng...View AnswerShow Answer

A researcher compares people who have gone to college with those who have not. He predicts and finds that people with a college education are less likely to smoke or drink than those who never went. In this example, the researcher is using

Correct AnswerverifiedC

The file drawer problem makes it difficult to determine

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the "law of parsimony,"

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Define validity. List by name the several kinds of test validity. Discuss each kind of validity by contrasting examples of tests that are low and high in it.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIValidity refers to the extent to which a...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following does a correlation coefficient not tell us?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is correct about hypothetical constructs?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A researcher maintains that a person's self-esteem level is largely inherited from his or her parents. From this, she derives the prediction that children with low self-esteem probably come from homes where one or both parents have low self-esteem. In this case, the formal prediction is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A test maker wants to make sure his or her new measure of social anxiety appears to be measuring the construct. The test maker is interested in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which saying is the best summary for the law of parsimony?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Experimenters can be most confident in making statements about cause and effect when they conduct research using which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Which of the following is true about replication in experimental research?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true about reliability?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A statistically significant finding can sometimes be the result of chance fluctuation. This concern can be eased by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A test is said to have good validity if there is good evidence that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is the correlation coefficient indicating the strongest relationship?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Personality researchers take steps to discover the nature of personality in which order?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified
A

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
The case study method has several streng...
View Answer

Correct Answer
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C

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
Validity refers to the extent to which a...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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B

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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